1933
1933 Was a pivotal point
in German and World history:
Hitler became both Chancellor and President 1/20/33
Reichstag Fire/Bombing: 2/27/33
The Reich took the Reichstag, and arrested communists,
The Civil Service Law: All non-Aryans dismissed from Civil Service- 4/7/33
Massive Germany-Wide bookburnings at German Universities and Libraries: 5/10/33
immediate restrictions were made on Jews in office and employment.
Reichs...Kammer Instituted: All artists had to be registered:
The founding/redefinition of concentration camps: Dachau and Oranienburg.
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1934
In 1934,
the Jews were banned from owning health insurance,
practicing law and
joining labor unions.
Otto Dix later banned begins to paint images of Nazi fascism and brutality.
The RMK, the Reichsmusikammer declares Hitler as having made great
strides in "new standards" of German music.
Blood Purge: (Night of the Long Knives) Nazis purge the SA July-September July 10 ;Ernest Rohm, former friend of Hitler and leader of the SA, killed on Hitler's orders.
Kramer, "beast of Belsen" begins career in the Concentration camps.
Eichmann begins work for SD, Himmler's security office
The Nazi SA camp Oranienburg becomes national camp, taken over by the SS. ;
- German social democrat and author Erich Mühsam killed in Oranienburg concentration camp
8/12/34 Hindenburg Dies: Hitler to reign as both Chancellor and President
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1935
1935
In Berlin Hitler was gaining a firm hold:
The Nuremberg Laws were introduced dismissing the Jews completely from Citizenship:
no access to the courts for Jews,
no voting privileges, only those of Aryan blood could claim civil rights.
German Unemployment was
erased as the Jews were robbed of jobs and property..
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1936
 1936 is a banner year:
Summer Olympics in Berlin :German athletes defeated by black American Jesse Owens in Berlin Olympics,
Leni Riefenstahl is commissioned for "Olympia" a propaganda film about German Physical Superiority
Reichkunstkammer (Arts Chamber) headed by Zeigler, who declares 100 artists degenerate and gives new aesthetic standards,
Jews become 'guest-citizens' based on 1935 laws,
restrictions on employing servants, geographical restrictions set.
Germany invades Rhineland.
Germany Occupies Rhineland
1936 Summer Read More... |
1937
Nazi-soviet relations intensify;
"The Eternal Jew" a movie warning about the dangers of the Jews is released widely;
Richard Strauss appointed to head of Reichmusikkammer
Neimoller arrested and imprisoned;
Buchenwald established,
MIT BRENNENDER SORGE encyclical
of Pius XI-"With Burning Concern: Vatican carefully expresses concern over Racial issues of the Third Reich.
Hossbach Conference: Hitler reveals war plans.
German-Japanese war agreements ,
Summer 1936: Sachausen Concentration Camp Established
Mengele begins research at U of Frankfurt...
1937.
Entarte Kunst, or Degenerate art Exhibit produced. |
1938
Founding of Concentration camps Flossenberg and Castle Hartheim;
Mauthausen, Melk and Ebensee established or redefined as camps;
Anschluss: annexation of Austria,
Confiscation of Sudentenland,
;
Grynspan kills Von Rath over deportation of parents,
Krystallnacht in November
followed by the arrest of the "November Jews";
taken to Dachau.
Nazis raze the Synagogue at Munich.
Neuengamme founded.
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1939
1939 Was a pivotal point
in German and World history:
the Reich invades Poland, the war began;
Jews began to be deported in large numbers 'to the east'
Nazi-Soviet Pact dividing Poland: August 23, 1939
Germany-Italy Alliance: "Pact of Steel 5.22.39
Allies declare War 09.03.39
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1940
1940- RMK, the Reich Music Chamber begins to deport Jews on a final list;
Paul Klee dies after painting the angst of war in last paintings;
Jews forced to labor,
Jews forbidden to own typewriters,
Jews forbidden to visit parks.
General Government orders registration of Jewish Property, confiscation escalates.
Denmark taken
Aushwitz set up
Italy enters war, France occupied...Read More... |
1941
April 1941 Germany attacks Yugoslavia and Greece, and occupies Serbia.
Eichmann takes head of IVB4 and given authority over Jewish population of Germany.
Majdanek and Chelmno in Operation;
Germany at war with Russia;
June 22, 1941: Operation Barbarossa: Germany invades Russia
Einsatzgrüppen deployment.
Heydrich appointed head of 'special' forces [Einsatzgrüppen, Mass Killings];
Japanese attack Pearl Harbor bringing America into war on Allied side.
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1942
Warsaw Ghetto residents deported;
Auschwitz Gas Chambers in Operation;
American troops to Britain,
Mass execution of Jews in the Ukraine,
Germany begins escalation of war in North Africa;
First debilitating winter on Russian front. Read More... |
1943
Mengele begins medical experiments at Auschwitz including twin studies;
Many western countries enter war
Japanese escalate war efforts;
Warsaw Ghetto Uprising-See [Uprising]
Stroop's destruction of Ghetto;
Warsaw Jews deported to Treblinka;
March 19,1944:Germany invades Hungary:
death march of Hungarian Jews to border;
Raoul Wallenberg rescues 10,000 Hungarian Jews
Mussolini overthrown
Germany invades Italy, German-Italian conflict..
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1944
Hitler almost assasinated by Canaris .., and others;
Allies enter Germany;
war breaks out in occupied Greece;
Rommel commits suicide; Deportation of Hungarian Jews to Auschwitz; deportations from Auschwitz and other camps to German camps Buchenwald, Ravensbruck and others; Soviets escalate war in Poland; Winter in Russian front so severe Germans debilitated; V-2 Rockets deployed against Britain. Athens Jews deported to Auschwitz...Read More... |
1945
 Auschwitz liberated by Soviets-January; Other camps liberated between January and April; Forced Death Marches and evacuation of German camps; Allies take Berlin; Hitler and Goebbels enter bunker and with Eva Braun and Goebbels wife and children take cynanide; War ends: war criminals arrested and charged including Goering, Schacht, and others; Displaced person camps established as Jews and other inmates return home...Salt Mine treasures discovered, Vatican aids Nazi escapes and transport of Nazi wealth in medical trains. Many Nazi officials commit suicide; Rocketry technology confiscated from Mittelbau Dora by Americans Read More... |
1946
 1945-46 Berlin air lifts; League of Nations transfers assets to United Nations; the Confessing Church with Neimoller, Barth and others call for German Church repentance; Also call for reorganization of German Church; Hoess arrested and tried; Nuremberg Trials: Goering commits suicide; Britain deports illegal Israeli immigrants to deportation camp in Cyprus; Truman gives blessings to efforts to establish Jewish state in Israel;Physicians Trial; Warsaw tribunal trials, Frank and others at Nuremberg hanged. Peron rises to president in Argentina, gives later refuge to Nazi war criminals Read More... |
1947
 Einsatzgruppen trials; US institutes Marshall Plan for rebuilding of Europe; Ghandi Assasinated; India and Pakistan divide; British ram the "Exodus" on high seas to prevent illegal return to Israel; November: UN Partition Resolution to divide Israel into Jewish and Arab state; Arab riots and blockade; Haifa riots; many killed. Read More... |
1948
 1948 saw the birth of Israel as a Jewish State/Nation, in fulfillment of
the Balfour Declaration in Britain. Arab blockade, Israeli war establishes Israel; Syria takes Massada;
Arabs flee Haifa; Truman sanctions American approval and support for Israel.
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References & Notes
1Stewart, Gail. Hitler's Reich 1994: World History Service, Lucent Books, San Diego |
